The car seat rule: no puffy coats under the straps

Bulky coats compress in a crash and leave the straps loose. Coat off, straps snug over thin layers, and the coat or a blanket over the top.

Coat off, straps snug, blanket on top.

Bulky layers compress in a crash and leave the straps loose — even when they feel tight.

1. Take the puffy jacket or snowsuit off. 2. Buckle the straps snug against thin layers. 3. Tuck the jacket or a blanket over the top, arms out.

Short trips feel cold-proof either way — the rule matters for safety, not comfort.

What goes under the straps

Thin, close-fitting layers, the American Academy of Pediatrics says: leggings and long-sleeved bodysuits. A hat, mittens, socks or booties are fine.

Buckle up first, snug enough that you can't pinch the strap, then the blanket goes on top.

What goes over them

A blanket laid over the buckled harness, or the coat worn back to front over it. In the app, the Car seat option puts a blanket over the straps wherever the jacket would be.

Once the car warms up

Take the hat and outer layers off in a warm car, bus or train, the NHS says, just as you would indoors.

Sources